Reading Data from a file
Hello,
The main goal is to read data from files. In here I read data from the group and passwd file on a linux box. I want to isolate some data, such as groups and specific users to generate new group and passwd file on a different system.
The problem happening in the CleanFiles function. When I call it twice, the second time it returns data of the previous call as well as the data from this call. I am trying to understand why the data passed in a previous call stay and are return with the data of the next call.
I have tried to call the function 3 times and the third time I get the data of the two previous calls as well as the data from the last call.
Any suggestion? I am relatively new to Perl.
[code]
#!/usr/bin/perl
###################
#Packages required#
###################
use strict;
use List::MoreUtils qw(uniq);
use Data::Dumper;
use warnings;
############
#Parameters#
############
#First we define the path to the file we use
#do not put any /
my $dac02_location = "/Users/tuxy94/Scripts/tmp/dac03_conf";
my $dac03_location = "/Users/tuxy94/Scripts/tmp/dac03_conf/etc";
#name of the groups
my @group = ('jai','smbuser','domadm');
#number of max user on the system
my $i = 8;
#name of additional machines that are in passwd but not in group
my @add_machines=('dacsrv01', 'dacwks01', 'dacwks02', 'dacwks03', 'dacwks04', 'dacwks05', 'daceufo201', 'dacluxe02', 'dacluxe03');
#special users to also update the password for
my @special_users=('root','nagios');
###########
#Functions#
###########
#To parse the data and store it in a hash
sub DataParsing{
my ($file, @fields) = @_;
my %data = ();
my $item;
open(DATA_PARSING, $dac02_location."/".$file) or die "Cannot open the file!";
while(){
chomp;
foreach $item (@fields){
if($_ =~ /$item/){
$data{$item}=[split('[:,]',$_)];
$data{$item.'_raw'} = $_;
}
}
}
close(DATA_PARSING);
return %data;
}
#Clean the file group and return an array with clean data to construct the new one
sub CleanFiles{
my ($file, @lines) = @_;
my @data_file = ();
print "Dump of data_file in function:
";
print Dumper(@data_file);
#@data_file is well reset each time I call the function but still
#the data from the previous call are in the second call result...
#WHY???
#I think it is the container DATA_CLEANING that is not proprelly empti
+ed
#How to check this?
open(DATA_CLEANING, $dac03_location."/".$file) or die "Cannot open the file!";
#Store the text in an array, easier to work with
while(){
chomp;
push(@data_file,$_);
#print "$_
";
}
close(DATA_CLEANING);
foreach my $index (reverse 0 .. $#data_file){
foreach my $item (@lines){
if ($data_file[$index] =~ /$item/){
splice @data_file, $index, 1;
#print "The item to be spliced: $item
";
}
}
}
return @data_file;
}
#function to generate the new config files
sub CreateConfig{
my ($file,@data) = @_;
my $item;
$file = $file.".new";
open(NFILE,">$file");
foreach $item (@data){
print NFILE "$item
";
}
close(NFILE);
return $file;
}
###########
#Instances#
###########
#hash of the group with the group name as reference
my %group = DataParsing('group', @group);
#print "$group{jai}[2]
";
#put the usernames in an array to get info out of passwd
my $item;
my @username = ();
foreach $item (@group){
for ($a = $i+1; $a > 2; $a--){
if($group{$item}[$a] ne ''){
push(@username,$group{$item}[$a])
}
}
}
#array containing all of the user that need to be added on system
my @usernames = uniq(@username,@add_machines);
my @special_usernames = uniq(@usernames,@special_users);
#hash of the user in passwd with username as reference
my %passwd = DataParsing('passwd',@special_usernames);
#hash of the password in shadow with username as reference
my %shadow = DataParsing('shadow',@special_usernames);
########################################################
########################################################
my @group_clean_data = CleanFiles('group',@group);
my @passwd_clean_data = CleanFiles('passwd',@special_usernames);
print "Print of the group_clean_data outside of function:
";
print Dumper(@group_clean_data);
print "Print of passwd_clean_data outside of function:
";
print Dumper(@passwd_clean_data);
[/code]
The output I get is:
[code]
Dump of data_file in function:
Dump of data_file in function:
Print of the group_clean_data outside of function:
$VAR1 = 'root:x:0:';
$VAR2 = 'daemon:x:1:';
$VAR3 = 'bin:x:2:';
$VAR4 = 'sys:x:3:';
$VAR5 = 'adm:x:4:';
$VAR6 = 'tty:x:5:';
$VAR7 = 'disk:x:6:';
$VAR8 = 'lp:x:7:';
$VAR9 = 'mail:x:8:';
$VAR10 = 'news:x:9:';
$VAR11 = 'uucp:x:10:';
$VAR12 = 'man:x:12:';
$VAR13 = 'proxy:x:13:';
$VAR14 = 'kmem:x:15:';
$VAR15 = 'dialout:x:20:reyndce';
$VAR16 = 'fax:x:21:';
$VAR17 = 'voice:x:22:';
$VAR18 = 'cdrom:x:24:reyndce';
$VAR19 = 'floppy:x:25:reyndce';
$VAR20 = 'tape:x:26:';
$VAR21 = 'sudo:x:27:';
$VAR22 = 'audio:x:29:reyndce';
$VAR23 = 'dip:x:30:';
$VAR24 = 'www-data:x:33:apache';
$VAR25 = 'backup:x:34:';
$VAR26 = 'operator:x:37:';
$VAR27 = 'list:x:38:';
$VAR28 = 'irc:x:39:';
$VAR29 = 'src:x:40:';
$VAR30 = 'gnats:x:41:';
$VAR31 = 'shadow:x:42:';
$VAR32 = 'utmp:x:43:';
$VAR33 = 'video:x:44:reyndce';
$VAR34 = 'sasl:x:45:';
$VAR35 = 'plugdev:x:46:reyndce';
$VAR36 = 'staff:x:50:';
$VAR37 = 'games:x:60:';
$VAR38 = 'users:x:100:';
$VAR39 = 'nogroup:x:65534:';
$VAR40 = 'crontab:x:101:';
$VAR41 = 'Debian-exim:x:102:';
$VAR42 = 'ssh:x:103:';
$VAR43 = 'reyndce:x:1000:';
$VAR44 = 'mysql:x:104:';
$VAR45 = 'ssl-cert:x:105:';
$VAR46 = 'postfix:x:106:';
$VAR47 = 'postdrop:x:107:';
$VAR48 = 'nagios:x:1001:';
$VAR49 = 'nagcmd:x:1002:nagios,www-data';
$VAR50 = 'bind:x:108:';
$VAR51 = 'ntp:x:109:';
$VAR52 = 'apache:x:72:';
$VAR53 = 'slocate:x:110:';
Print of passwd_clean_data outside of function:
$VAR1 = 'daemon:x:1:';
$VAR2 = 'bin:x:2:';
$VAR3 = 'sys:x:3:';
$VAR4 = 'adm:x:4:';
$VAR5 = 'tty:x:5:';
$VAR6 = 'disk:x:6:';
$VAR7 = 'lp:x:7:';
$VAR8 = 'mail:x:8:';
$VAR9 = 'news:x:9:';
$VAR10 = 'uucp:x:10:';
$VAR11 = 'man:x:12:';
$VAR12 = 'proxy:x:13:';
$VAR13 = 'kmem:x:15:';
$VAR14 = 'fax:x:21:';
$VAR15 = 'voice:x:22:';
$VAR16 = 'tape:x:26:';
$VAR17 = 'sudo:x:27:';
$VAR18 = 'dip:x:30:';
$VAR19 = 'www-data:x:33:apache';
$VAR20 = 'backup:x:34:';
$VAR21 = 'operator:x:37:';
$VAR22 = 'list:x:38:';
$VAR23 = 'irc:x:39:';
$VAR24 = 'src:x:40:';
$VAR25 = 'gnats:x:41:';
$VAR26 = 'shadow:x:42:';
$VAR27 = 'utmp:x:43:';
$VAR28 = 'sasl:x:45:';
$VAR29 = 'staff:x:50:';
$VAR30 = 'games:x:60:';
$VAR31 = 'users:x:100:';
$VAR32 = 'nogroup:x:65534:';
$VAR33 = 'crontab:x:101:';
$VAR34 = 'Debian-exim:x:102:';
$VAR35 = 'ssh:x:103:';
$VAR36 = 'mysql:x:104:';
$VAR37 = 'ssl-cert:x:105:';
$VAR38 = 'postfix:x:106:';
$VAR39 = 'postdrop:x:107:';
$VAR40 = 'bind:x:108:';
$VAR41 = 'ntp:x:109:';
$VAR42 = 'apache:x:72:';
$VAR43 = 'slocate:x:110:';
$VAR44 = 'daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh';
$VAR45 = 'bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh';
$VAR46 = 'sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh';
$VAR47 = 'sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync';
$VAR48 = 'games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh';
$VAR49 = 'man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh';
$VAR50 = 'lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh';
$VAR51 = 'mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh';
$VAR52 = 'news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh';
$VAR53 = 'uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/bin/sh';
$VAR54 = 'proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/bin/sh';
$VAR55 = 'www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/bin/sh';
$VAR56 = 'backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/bin/sh';
$VAR57 = 'list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/bin/sh';
$VAR58 = 'irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/bin/sh';
$VAR59 = 'gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh';
$VAR60 = 'nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh';
$VAR61 = 'Debian-exim:x:100:102::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false';
$VAR62 = 'statd:x:101:65534::/var/lib/nfs:/bin/false';
$VAR63 = 'identd:x:102:65534::/var/run/identd:/bin/false';
$VAR64 = 'sshd:x:104:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin';
$VAR65 = 'mysql:x:103:104:MySQL Server,,,:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false';
$VAR66 = 'postfix:x:105:106::/var/spool/postfix:/bin/false';
$VAR67 = 'bind:x:106:108::/var/cache/bind:/bin/false';
$VAR68 = 'ntp:x:107:109::/home/ntp:/bin/false';
[/code]
The main goal is to read data from files. In here I read data from the group and passwd file on a linux box. I want to isolate some data, such as groups and specific users to generate new group and passwd file on a different system.
The problem happening in the CleanFiles function. When I call it twice, the second time it returns data of the previous call as well as the data from this call. I am trying to understand why the data passed in a previous call stay and are return with the data of the next call.
I have tried to call the function 3 times and the third time I get the data of the two previous calls as well as the data from the last call.
Any suggestion? I am relatively new to Perl.
[code]
#!/usr/bin/perl
###################
#Packages required#
###################
use strict;
use List::MoreUtils qw(uniq);
use Data::Dumper;
use warnings;
############
#Parameters#
############
#First we define the path to the file we use
#do not put any /
my $dac02_location = "/Users/tuxy94/Scripts/tmp/dac03_conf";
my $dac03_location = "/Users/tuxy94/Scripts/tmp/dac03_conf/etc";
#name of the groups
my @group = ('jai','smbuser','domadm');
#number of max user on the system
my $i = 8;
#name of additional machines that are in passwd but not in group
my @add_machines=('dacsrv01', 'dacwks01', 'dacwks02', 'dacwks03', 'dacwks04', 'dacwks05', 'daceufo201', 'dacluxe02', 'dacluxe03');
#special users to also update the password for
my @special_users=('root','nagios');
###########
#Functions#
###########
#To parse the data and store it in a hash
sub DataParsing{
my ($file, @fields) = @_;
my %data = ();
my $item;
open(DATA_PARSING, $dac02_location."/".$file) or die "Cannot open the file!";
while(){
chomp;
foreach $item (@fields){
if($_ =~ /$item/){
$data{$item}=[split('[:,]',$_)];
$data{$item.'_raw'} = $_;
}
}
}
close(DATA_PARSING);
return %data;
}
#Clean the file group and return an array with clean data to construct the new one
sub CleanFiles{
my ($file, @lines) = @_;
my @data_file = ();
print "Dump of data_file in function:
";
print Dumper(@data_file);
#@data_file is well reset each time I call the function but still
#the data from the previous call are in the second call result...
#WHY???
#I think it is the container DATA_CLEANING that is not proprelly empti
+ed
#How to check this?
open(DATA_CLEANING, $dac03_location."/".$file) or die "Cannot open the file!";
#Store the text in an array, easier to work with
while(){
chomp;
push(@data_file,$_);
#print "$_
";
}
close(DATA_CLEANING);
foreach my $index (reverse 0 .. $#data_file){
foreach my $item (@lines){
if ($data_file[$index] =~ /$item/){
splice @data_file, $index, 1;
#print "The item to be spliced: $item
";
}
}
}
return @data_file;
}
#function to generate the new config files
sub CreateConfig{
my ($file,@data) = @_;
my $item;
$file = $file.".new";
open(NFILE,">$file");
foreach $item (@data){
print NFILE "$item
";
}
close(NFILE);
return $file;
}
###########
#Instances#
###########
#hash of the group with the group name as reference
my %group = DataParsing('group', @group);
#print "$group{jai}[2]
";
#put the usernames in an array to get info out of passwd
my $item;
my @username = ();
foreach $item (@group){
for ($a = $i+1; $a > 2; $a--){
if($group{$item}[$a] ne ''){
push(@username,$group{$item}[$a])
}
}
}
#array containing all of the user that need to be added on system
my @usernames = uniq(@username,@add_machines);
my @special_usernames = uniq(@usernames,@special_users);
#hash of the user in passwd with username as reference
my %passwd = DataParsing('passwd',@special_usernames);
#hash of the password in shadow with username as reference
my %shadow = DataParsing('shadow',@special_usernames);
########################################################
########################################################
my @group_clean_data = CleanFiles('group',@group);
my @passwd_clean_data = CleanFiles('passwd',@special_usernames);
print "Print of the group_clean_data outside of function:
";
print Dumper(@group_clean_data);
print "Print of passwd_clean_data outside of function:
";
print Dumper(@passwd_clean_data);
[/code]
The output I get is:
[code]
Dump of data_file in function:
Dump of data_file in function:
Print of the group_clean_data outside of function:
$VAR1 = 'root:x:0:';
$VAR2 = 'daemon:x:1:';
$VAR3 = 'bin:x:2:';
$VAR4 = 'sys:x:3:';
$VAR5 = 'adm:x:4:';
$VAR6 = 'tty:x:5:';
$VAR7 = 'disk:x:6:';
$VAR8 = 'lp:x:7:';
$VAR9 = 'mail:x:8:';
$VAR10 = 'news:x:9:';
$VAR11 = 'uucp:x:10:';
$VAR12 = 'man:x:12:';
$VAR13 = 'proxy:x:13:';
$VAR14 = 'kmem:x:15:';
$VAR15 = 'dialout:x:20:reyndce';
$VAR16 = 'fax:x:21:';
$VAR17 = 'voice:x:22:';
$VAR18 = 'cdrom:x:24:reyndce';
$VAR19 = 'floppy:x:25:reyndce';
$VAR20 = 'tape:x:26:';
$VAR21 = 'sudo:x:27:';
$VAR22 = 'audio:x:29:reyndce';
$VAR23 = 'dip:x:30:';
$VAR24 = 'www-data:x:33:apache';
$VAR25 = 'backup:x:34:';
$VAR26 = 'operator:x:37:';
$VAR27 = 'list:x:38:';
$VAR28 = 'irc:x:39:';
$VAR29 = 'src:x:40:';
$VAR30 = 'gnats:x:41:';
$VAR31 = 'shadow:x:42:';
$VAR32 = 'utmp:x:43:';
$VAR33 = 'video:x:44:reyndce';
$VAR34 = 'sasl:x:45:';
$VAR35 = 'plugdev:x:46:reyndce';
$VAR36 = 'staff:x:50:';
$VAR37 = 'games:x:60:';
$VAR38 = 'users:x:100:';
$VAR39 = 'nogroup:x:65534:';
$VAR40 = 'crontab:x:101:';
$VAR41 = 'Debian-exim:x:102:';
$VAR42 = 'ssh:x:103:';
$VAR43 = 'reyndce:x:1000:';
$VAR44 = 'mysql:x:104:';
$VAR45 = 'ssl-cert:x:105:';
$VAR46 = 'postfix:x:106:';
$VAR47 = 'postdrop:x:107:';
$VAR48 = 'nagios:x:1001:';
$VAR49 = 'nagcmd:x:1002:nagios,www-data';
$VAR50 = 'bind:x:108:';
$VAR51 = 'ntp:x:109:';
$VAR52 = 'apache:x:72:';
$VAR53 = 'slocate:x:110:';
Print of passwd_clean_data outside of function:
$VAR1 = 'daemon:x:1:';
$VAR2 = 'bin:x:2:';
$VAR3 = 'sys:x:3:';
$VAR4 = 'adm:x:4:';
$VAR5 = 'tty:x:5:';
$VAR6 = 'disk:x:6:';
$VAR7 = 'lp:x:7:';
$VAR8 = 'mail:x:8:';
$VAR9 = 'news:x:9:';
$VAR10 = 'uucp:x:10:';
$VAR11 = 'man:x:12:';
$VAR12 = 'proxy:x:13:';
$VAR13 = 'kmem:x:15:';
$VAR14 = 'fax:x:21:';
$VAR15 = 'voice:x:22:';
$VAR16 = 'tape:x:26:';
$VAR17 = 'sudo:x:27:';
$VAR18 = 'dip:x:30:';
$VAR19 = 'www-data:x:33:apache';
$VAR20 = 'backup:x:34:';
$VAR21 = 'operator:x:37:';
$VAR22 = 'list:x:38:';
$VAR23 = 'irc:x:39:';
$VAR24 = 'src:x:40:';
$VAR25 = 'gnats:x:41:';
$VAR26 = 'shadow:x:42:';
$VAR27 = 'utmp:x:43:';
$VAR28 = 'sasl:x:45:';
$VAR29 = 'staff:x:50:';
$VAR30 = 'games:x:60:';
$VAR31 = 'users:x:100:';
$VAR32 = 'nogroup:x:65534:';
$VAR33 = 'crontab:x:101:';
$VAR34 = 'Debian-exim:x:102:';
$VAR35 = 'ssh:x:103:';
$VAR36 = 'mysql:x:104:';
$VAR37 = 'ssl-cert:x:105:';
$VAR38 = 'postfix:x:106:';
$VAR39 = 'postdrop:x:107:';
$VAR40 = 'bind:x:108:';
$VAR41 = 'ntp:x:109:';
$VAR42 = 'apache:x:72:';
$VAR43 = 'slocate:x:110:';
$VAR44 = 'daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh';
$VAR45 = 'bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh';
$VAR46 = 'sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh';
$VAR47 = 'sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync';
$VAR48 = 'games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh';
$VAR49 = 'man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh';
$VAR50 = 'lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh';
$VAR51 = 'mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh';
$VAR52 = 'news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh';
$VAR53 = 'uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/bin/sh';
$VAR54 = 'proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/bin/sh';
$VAR55 = 'www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/bin/sh';
$VAR56 = 'backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/bin/sh';
$VAR57 = 'list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/bin/sh';
$VAR58 = 'irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/bin/sh';
$VAR59 = 'gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh';
$VAR60 = 'nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh';
$VAR61 = 'Debian-exim:x:100:102::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false';
$VAR62 = 'statd:x:101:65534::/var/lib/nfs:/bin/false';
$VAR63 = 'identd:x:102:65534::/var/run/identd:/bin/false';
$VAR64 = 'sshd:x:104:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin';
$VAR65 = 'mysql:x:103:104:MySQL Server,,,:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/false';
$VAR66 = 'postfix:x:105:106::/var/spool/postfix:/bin/false';
$VAR67 = 'bind:x:106:108::/var/cache/bind:/bin/false';
$VAR68 = 'ntp:x:107:109::/home/ntp:/bin/false';
[/code]
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